GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination
1. Which is a way some people cope with the ambiguity of human freedom?
a. b. c. d. drifting
shared decision making
appealing to some type of authority
All of the above. 2. Change or development in a desirable direction is called:
a. b. c. d. personal growth
personal freedom
self-direction
individualism 3. Altruism means:
a. b. c. d. helping someone else at a cost to yourself
possessing a sense of personal freedom
having a sense of control over others’ lives
fearing making decisions 4. According to Maslow, which disorder does not result from the failure to grow?
a. b. c. d. stunted person
amoral person
apathetic person
adjusted person 5. Researchers have found high stability across a lifespan for which personality trait?
a. b. c. d. introversion-extroversion
perfectionism
authoritarianism
self-esteem 6. The highest degree of stability of personality has been found in the domain of:
a. b. c. d. 3 introversion-extroversion
perfectionism
authoritarianism
self-esteem GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 7. All of the following traits remain rather stable over a lifetime EXCEPT:
a. b. c. d. neuroticism
expressiveness
self-esteem
introversion 8. The experience of personal growth usually begins with:
a. b. c. d. reorganizing our experience
acknowledging change
feeling anxiety and discomfort
changing our attitudes 9. According to Erikson, the second stage of psychosocial development poses the developmental
task of:
a. b. c. d. autonomy vs. shame
trust vs. mistrust
industry vs. inferiority
initiative vs. guilt 10. From 3 to 6 years of age, children are faced with the crisis of:
a. b. c. d. autonomy vs. shame
trust vs. mistrust
identity vs. role confusion
initiative vs. guilt 11. According to Erikson, individuals face the identity vs. role confusion stage at what age?
a. b. c. d. 3-6
6-11
12-18
20-40 12. According to Erikson, in young adulthood, the inability to establish rewarding relationships
with friends result in a sense of:
a. b. c. d. 4 inferiority
stagnation
despair
isolation GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 13. What is Erikson’s final stage of psychosocial development?
a. b. c. d. integrity vs. despair
generativity vs. stagnation
industry vs. inferiority
initiative vs. guilt 14. _________ is the addition of something that increases the likelihood of a behavior occuring
again.
a. b. c. d. Temperament
Attachment
Social learning
Reinforcement 15. The process by which we learn by observing is called:
a. b. c. d. punishment
reinforcement
learning theory
observational learning 16. Carol likes Dr. Reed, the supervisor of her practice teaching. In fact, Carol often finds herself
adopting many of Dr. Reed’s methods and mannerisms in the classroom. Bandura refers to
this type of learning as:
a. b. c. d. classical conditioning
observational learning
identification with the parent figure
due to the effects of unconscious Oedipal wishes 17. Women in middle adulthood go through significant physical changes called:
a. b. c. d. cessation
menopause
reproduction
dysfunction 18. Which statement regarding Alzheimer’s disease is true?
a. b. c. d. 5 Alzheimer’s usually strikes in middle age.
There is no way to diagnose Alzheimer’s.
Alzheimer’s is a degenerative brain disorder.
All of these are true. GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 19. Which statement is NOT true of hormone replacement therapy?
a. b. c. d. It lowers the risk of most types of cancer.
It helps to alleviate such symptoms as hot flashes, night sweats, and dry skin.
African American women are less likely to use it than White women.
It reduces the risk rates of osteoporosis and heart disease. 20. Viagra is used to:
a. b. c. d. treat loss of appetite
treat memory loss
improve facial appearance in women
treat erectile inhibition 21. Ageism refers to:
a. b. c. d. the midlife crisis
the study of people over the age of 80
the inherent rights of the elderly
negative attitudes toward older Americans 22. Which of the following is NOT important in healthy aging?
a. b. c. d. exercising
smoking cessation
eating well
avoiding physicians 23. Which of the following is generally a sign of low self-esteem?
a. b. c. d. savoring one’s accomplishments and successes
bragging excessively about one’s achievements
expressing one’s opinions readily
making demands on oneself to do better next time 24. Low self-esteem is characterized by:
a. b. c. d. 6 refusal to accept praise
poor performance on academic tests
looking at oneself in the mirror often
All of the above. GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 25. Which of these is NOT associated with high self-esteem?
a. b. c. d. greater happiness
bullying behaviors
better job performance
lower alcohol and drug abuse 26. People tend to elicit feedback that confirms their own self-perceptions, both positive and
negative, according to:
a. b. c. d. self-enhancement theory
social-self theory
self-verification theory
ideal self theory 27. Self-esteem of minority individuals is found to be as high as that of Whites because minority:
a. b. c. d. individuals have as many opportunities as Whites
individuals often compare themselves to each other rather than to Whites
populations have grown in size
groups no longer experience as much prejudice as they used to 28. When people visualize themselves as competent, successful persons, they tend to:
a. b. c. d. earn higher than average salaries
become more successful than their peers
cope more effectively with present problems
succumb to pathological self-deception 29. Which of these is NOT key to quitting smoking?
a. b. c. d. avoiding relapse at all costs
getting support and encouragement
getting medication and using it correctly
learning new skills and behaviors 30. Those most likely to drink excessively are:
a. b. c. d. 7 18- to 25-year-old men
middle-aged men
widowers and widows
preteens GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 31. The leading cause of death among youths in America is:
a. b. c. d. AIDS
heart disease
overexertion on the athletic field
car accidents involving alcohol 32. Youth are most at risk for drug abuse:
a. b. c. d. at school events
during any major transitions
in middle school
as college students 33. The use of unhealthy substances (e.g., cigarettes, alcohol, or drugs) is depicted in:
a. b. c. d. 10
50
80
95 percent
percent
percent
percent of
of
of
of G rated films
PG-13 films
all films
all films 34. Those who underreport their physical symptoms to health care professionals are:
a. b. c. d. likely to be extroverts
known as “hypochondriacs”
self-conscious people
self-healing personalities 35. Alexei and Tanya were disappointed when it rained during their first day of camping, but
Alexei said, “Let’s not panic. It’s supposed to clear up later today.” His upbeat attitude is
characteristic of those who interpret undesirable events in:
a. b. c. d. external, temporary, and specific terms
internal, permanent, and universal terms
external, permanent, and universal terms
internal, temporary, and specific terms 36. Which of the following best exemplifies appropriate learned optimism?
a. b. c. d. 8 “I guess she isn’t going to call back.”
“It was a good interview but nothing will probably come of it.”
“She didn’t return my call; she must be busy.”
“No wonder she doesn’t call back. I’ve been inconsiderate of her.” GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 37. Optimism is especially appropriate in those situations in which:
a. b. c. d. you want to gain people’s confidence
your goal involves a high degree of risk
the cost of failure is high
you want to be sympathetic with people’s troubles 38. Being optimistic is inappropriate when:
a. b. c. d. there are many risks involved
there are many people with unique responsibilities
multiple solutions to an issue are available
None of the above. 39. Which of these is NOT a stage in the recommended process for decision making?
a. b. c. d. search for alternatives
make a commitment
rise to the challenge
avoid looking back 40. The most critical element in decision making, especially in the early stages, is:
a. b. c. d. taking risks
clarifying values
vigorous information processing
justifying your choices 41. When presented with a modest person and a self-promoter, which did Japanese children
perceive as more athletically competent?
a. b. c. d. they were perceived to be equally competent
the modest person
the self-promoter
neither was selected 42. According to the text, one of the four important components of emotion is:
a. b. c. d. 9 social interaction
behavioral stagnation
cognitive processes
self-efficacy GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 43. Which researcher has created a model of emotions?
a. b. c. d. Bandura
Howell
Plutchik
Richards 44. In Plutchik’s model, which is NOT one of the primary emotions?
a. b. c. d. acceptance
disgust
anger
embarrassment 45. When people of various countries are asked about their experiences of different emotions,
most of them distinguish emotions with regard to:
a. b. c. d. primary and secondary emotions
inborn and learned emotions
pleasant and unpleasant emotions
simple and complex emotions 46. Men tend to report more ________ feelings, while women tend to report ________ feelings.
a. b. c. d. powerless; powerful
powerful; powerless
negative; positive
positive; negative 47. If we see people as cold and withdrawn, we tend to attribute additional negative qualities to
them. This is called:
a. b. c. d. the halo effect
stereotyping
false cues
the devil effect 48. The fundamental attribution error causes us to misjudge people because:
a. b. c. d. 10 we are impressed by wealth
of their personal traits and characteristics
of situational and environmental influences
we are influenced by unconscious motives GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 49. In which country are people the least shy?
a. b. c. d. Israel
India
Greece
Japan 50. According to the text, to overcome shyness, it’s best to:
a. b. c. d. reduce the inner monitoring of one’s thoughts
pay less attention to people around you
avoid situations involving others
become keenly aware of how people see you 51. Shyness is on the rise in America because:
a. b. c. d. more people are pursuing their own personal goals
electronic communication has reduced face-to-face meetings
more Americans are moving to big, crowded cities
more children are being placed in daycare centers 52. The most common activity among women friends is:
a. b. c. d. telling jokes
having an intimate talk
sharing a job-related chore
doing a favor for a friend 53. Which of the following does NOT have an interdependent culture?
a. b. c. d. Japan
Zimbabwe
The United States
Lebanon 54. When flattery is used in the hopes that the flattered individual will give in to a certain
request, this is a form of:
a. b. c. d. 11 the bystander effect
ingratiation
the norm of reciprocity
the foot-in-the-door effect GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 55. In what type of social influence situation do we follow direct orders from others?
a. b. c. d. conformity
compliance
interpersonal attraction
obedience 56. Which factor reduces social loafing?
a. b. c. d. When
When
When
When failure is possible if and only if loafing occurs.
people believe their performance will not be evaluated.
the task is not important.
the group is not valued by its individual members. 57. When groups make riskier or more conservative decisions than individuals, this is known as:
a. b. c. d. groupthink
the foot-in-the-door effect
the group polarization effect
the door-in-the-face effect 58. Two well-documented leadership styles are ______ and ______.
a. b. c. d. severe; moderate
people-oriented; task-oriented
casual; intense
thoughtful; thoughtless 59. Which is true of job burnout?
a. b. c. d. Men are more likely to burn out.
Those who are unmarried are more prone to burnout.
Those who burn out are likely to have high self-esteem.
Stress is rarely a factor in burnout. 60. How do most Americans feel about their jobs?
a. b. c. d. 12 Despite all the griping, most Americans report relatively high satisfaction.
Most Americans dislike their jobs and want a job change.
Midlevel managers report highest job satisfaction.
People at the bottom of an organization are likeliest to report high job satisfaction. GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 61. Surveys on job satisfaction show that:
a. b. c. d. People who love their jobs perform better than those who don’t.
The highest-paying jobs tend to result in the highest job satisfaction.
Workers prefer job where they don’t have to learn new skills.
Recent graduates tend to enjoy high job satisfaction. 62. When asked about ways to get ahead on the job, most American workers emphasize the
importance of:
a. b. c. d. being willing to accept responsibility
knowing the right people
understanding how to use office politics
complimenting your boss often 63. How has workplace technology changed our employment?
a. b. c. d. It
It
It
It really hasn’t changed employment in America that much.
can affect us even before we are hired by means of e-recruiting.
has mostly affected upper-level management.
affects us only after we are hired and introduced to new technology. 64. One of the best ways to increase the proportion of minority groups in the workplace is to:
a. b. c. d. lower the educational requirements for many jobs
raise the educational level of minority students
provide more high-tech jobs in the workplace
encourage minority students to take jobs in manufacturing 65. Masters et al. found greater orgasmic variation in both the physiology and subjective
accounts of orgasm among:
a. b. c. d. men compared to women
homosexuals compared to heterosexuals
women compared to men
married couples compared to unmarried couples 66. What is the most significant life stressor for homosexuals?
a. b. c. d. 13 discovering their homosexual orientation
telling friends and family about their sexual orientation
having their first homosexual encounter
all of these are equally stressful according to the literature GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 67. People who believe they were born into the body of the wrong sex are:
a. b. c. d. homosexual
transsexual
hermaphrodites
transvestites 68. People who are born with chromosomal or hormonal birth defects so they do not really fit into
“male” or “female” categories are:
a. b. c. d. transvestites
intersexed
transsexual
autoerotic 69. A loving relationship based primarily on emotional closeness rather than physical intimacy is
called:
a. b. c. d. romantic love
consummate love
companionate love
passionate love 70. Hypoactive, or inhibited, sexual desire is commonly caused by:
a. b. c. d. anger, boredom, or anxiety
genetic deficiencies
psychopathology
hormonal deficiencies 71. Which statement about marriage in the U.S. is true?
a. b. c. d. People are getting married later in life.
People tend to marry someone of similar age, education, and background.
Intercultural marriages are more conflict-prone but not more divorce-prone.
All of these are true. 72. Approximately _________ out of every 10 marriages end in divorce.
a. b. c. d. 14 2
3
4
8 GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 73. Which statement about marriage is false?
a. More than 9 out of 10 Americans will eventually marry.
b. Husbands and wives should be best friends.
c. Differences and incompatibilities between partners are the major causes of marital
dissatisfaction.
d. Married people are happier and healthier than single individuals.
74. An overview of numerous marital studies reported in the text indicated that a major factor
related to marital satisfaction is:
a. b. c. d. joint problem-solving ability
wanting the relationship to succeed
a satisfying sex life
financial security 75. When women work outside of the home:
a. b. c. d. they still do most of the housework
the couple is less satisfied
the husbands usually do half of all housework
they do less housework than men 76. How do homosexual couples distribute housework?
a. b. c. d. Work is fairly equally distributed.
Work is distributed about the same as heterosexual couples.
The more masculine partner does the most.
The more masculine partner does the least. 77. What is the correct sequence in the general adaptation syndrome?
a. b. c. d. 15 alarm, exhaustion, resistance
resistance, alarm, exhaustion
exhaustion, resistance, alarm
alarm, resistance, exhaustion GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 78. Diane, a keyboard specialist, adapted to her stressful job with few complaints. Now, a year
later, Diane has chronic headaches from the demands of her boss to meet deadlines and to
type accurately. Such stress-related illnesses are likely to occur in which stage of the general
adaptation syndrome?
a. b. c. d. alarm
resistance
exhaustion
the intermediate stage 79. Cumulative changes that reflect the cost to the body for adapting to stressful demands is
called:
a. b. c. d. homeostasis
allostatic load
repression
acting out 80. The unconscious blocking of a threatening impulse or idea from entering one’s consciousness
is:
a. b. c. d. denial
projection
repression
None of the above. 81. Sarah’s father is gravely ill; Sarah, however, does not respond emotionally. Rather, Sarah
convinces herself that he is in a good hospital and that the doctors are doing everything they
can. Sarah’s strategy for coping might be:
a. b. c. d. denial
intellectualization
displacement
repression 82. When Mohammed’s girlfriend unexpectedly broke off their relationship, he said it was just as
well because he no longer loved her. Yet, Mohammed did love her unconsciously.
Mohammed’s response is an example of:
a. b. c. d. 16 reaction formation
denial
sublimation
repression GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 83. A critical feature of obsessive-compulsive disorder is:
a. b. c. d. an overinflated sense of responsibility
fear of dirt
fear of losing control
anxiety about being anxious all the time 84. A(n) __________ is someone with OCD who wants his or her possessions in their rightful
place and arranged in a certain way.
a. b. c. d. hoarder
pure obsessive
repeater
orderer 85. Flashbacks are associated with what disorder?
a. b. c. d. OCD
phobia
PTSD
None of the above. 86. During college, three-quarters of all students experience some symptoms of:
a. b. c. d. antisocial personality
agoraphobia
schizophrenia
depression 87. People who become depressed in the winter months because of seasonal affective disorder
are thought to suffer from an imbalance of the hormone called:
a. b. c. d. dopamine
melatonin
adrenaline
thyroxin 88. Which is NOT a plausible reason why women are more prone to depression than men?
a. b. c. d. 17 They aren’t; they are just more likely to seek professional help.
Women have unequal power and status compared to men.
Women are more likely to live in poverty than men.
The region of the brain affected by depression is eight times larger in women than in
men. GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 89. Who is associated with cognitive therapy?
a. b. c. d. Sigmund Freud
Fritz Perls
Victor Frankl
Aaron Beck 90. Couples often come to relationship therapy because of infidelity on the part of one partner.
During therapy:
a. b. c. d. the
the
the
the therapist
therapist
therapist
therapist works only with the offending partner.
works mainly with the offended partner.
focuses on both partners’ interaction.
usually recommends that they split up. 91. The most common mode of treatment in psychiatry is:
a. b. c. d. biomedical therapy alone
psychotherapy alone
family therapy
psychotherapy combined with biomedical therapy 92. Which statement about antianxiety medications is true?
a. b. c. d. These medications do not cure anxiety.
These drugs are dangerous to take in combination with alcohol.
They provide prompt alleviation from symptoms.
All of the above. 93. After beginning treatment, antidepressants take effect:
a. b. c. d. immediately
within a few days
within two weeks
after two to four weeks 94. In persons with schizophrenia, antipsychotic drugs tend to reduce:
a. b. c. d. 18 apathy
loneliness
hallucinations
social withdrawal GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 95. After the bargaining stage, individuals enter which stage?
a. b. c. d. denial
depression
resentment
acceptance 96. Acceptance of death includes:
a. b. c. d. denying that death is imminent
bargaining
disengaging the self from others
All of these are part of the acceptance stage. 97. The healthy process of working through the emotions associated with loss is called:
a. b. c. d. grief work
mourning
unresolved grief
bereavement 98. Which of the following is a normal initial response to death?
a. b. c. d. sadness
guilt
relief
All of the above. 99. About _________ year(s) is the norm for grief work.
a. b. c. d. one
two
three
four 100. Which one of the following groups has an above-average death rate compared to others the
same age?
a. b. c. d. 19 elderly people who are unhappily married
widowed men between 55 and 65 years of age
elderly widowers who have remarried
widowed women between 55 and 65 years of age
a. b. c. d. drifting
shared decision making
appealing to some type of authority
All of the above. 2. Change or development in a desirable direction is called:
a. b. c. d. personal growth
personal freedom
self-direction
individualism 3. Altruism means:
a. b. c. d. helping someone else at a cost to yourself
possessing a sense of personal freedom
having a sense of control over others’ lives
fearing making decisions 4. According to Maslow, which disorder does not result from the failure to grow?
a. b. c. d. stunted person
amoral person
apathetic person
adjusted person 5. Researchers have found high stability across a lifespan for which personality trait?
a. b. c. d. introversion-extroversion
perfectionism
authoritarianism
self-esteem 6. The highest degree of stability of personality has been found in the domain of:
a. b. c. d. 3 introversion-extroversion
perfectionism
authoritarianism
self-esteem GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 7. All of the following traits remain rather stable over a lifetime EXCEPT:
a. b. c. d. neuroticism
expressiveness
self-esteem
introversion 8. The experience of personal growth usually begins with:
a. b. c. d. reorganizing our experience
acknowledging change
feeling anxiety and discomfort
changing our attitudes 9. According to Erikson, the second stage of psychosocial development poses the developmental
task of:
a. b. c. d. autonomy vs. shame
trust vs. mistrust
industry vs. inferiority
initiative vs. guilt 10. From 3 to 6 years of age, children are faced with the crisis of:
a. b. c. d. autonomy vs. shame
trust vs. mistrust
identity vs. role confusion
initiative vs. guilt 11. According to Erikson, individuals face the identity vs. role confusion stage at what age?
a. b. c. d. 3-6
6-11
12-18
20-40 12. According to Erikson, in young adulthood, the inability to establish rewarding relationships
with friends result in a sense of:
a. b. c. d. 4 inferiority
stagnation
despair
isolation GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 13. What is Erikson’s final stage of psychosocial development?
a. b. c. d. integrity vs. despair
generativity vs. stagnation
industry vs. inferiority
initiative vs. guilt 14. _________ is the addition of something that increases the likelihood of a behavior occuring
again.
a. b. c. d. Temperament
Attachment
Social learning
Reinforcement 15. The process by which we learn by observing is called:
a. b. c. d. punishment
reinforcement
learning theory
observational learning 16. Carol likes Dr. Reed, the supervisor of her practice teaching. In fact, Carol often finds herself
adopting many of Dr. Reed’s methods and mannerisms in the classroom. Bandura refers to
this type of learning as:
a. b. c. d. classical conditioning
observational learning
identification with the parent figure
due to the effects of unconscious Oedipal wishes 17. Women in middle adulthood go through significant physical changes called:
a. b. c. d. cessation
menopause
reproduction
dysfunction 18. Which statement regarding Alzheimer’s disease is true?
a. b. c. d. 5 Alzheimer’s usually strikes in middle age.
There is no way to diagnose Alzheimer’s.
Alzheimer’s is a degenerative brain disorder.
All of these are true. GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 19. Which statement is NOT true of hormone replacement therapy?
a. b. c. d. It lowers the risk of most types of cancer.
It helps to alleviate such symptoms as hot flashes, night sweats, and dry skin.
African American women are less likely to use it than White women.
It reduces the risk rates of osteoporosis and heart disease. 20. Viagra is used to:
a. b. c. d. treat loss of appetite
treat memory loss
improve facial appearance in women
treat erectile inhibition 21. Ageism refers to:
a. b. c. d. the midlife crisis
the study of people over the age of 80
the inherent rights of the elderly
negative attitudes toward older Americans 22. Which of the following is NOT important in healthy aging?
a. b. c. d. exercising
smoking cessation
eating well
avoiding physicians 23. Which of the following is generally a sign of low self-esteem?
a. b. c. d. savoring one’s accomplishments and successes
bragging excessively about one’s achievements
expressing one’s opinions readily
making demands on oneself to do better next time 24. Low self-esteem is characterized by:
a. b. c. d. 6 refusal to accept praise
poor performance on academic tests
looking at oneself in the mirror often
All of the above. GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 25. Which of these is NOT associated with high self-esteem?
a. b. c. d. greater happiness
bullying behaviors
better job performance
lower alcohol and drug abuse 26. People tend to elicit feedback that confirms their own self-perceptions, both positive and
negative, according to:
a. b. c. d. self-enhancement theory
social-self theory
self-verification theory
ideal self theory 27. Self-esteem of minority individuals is found to be as high as that of Whites because minority:
a. b. c. d. individuals have as many opportunities as Whites
individuals often compare themselves to each other rather than to Whites
populations have grown in size
groups no longer experience as much prejudice as they used to 28. When people visualize themselves as competent, successful persons, they tend to:
a. b. c. d. earn higher than average salaries
become more successful than their peers
cope more effectively with present problems
succumb to pathological self-deception 29. Which of these is NOT key to quitting smoking?
a. b. c. d. avoiding relapse at all costs
getting support and encouragement
getting medication and using it correctly
learning new skills and behaviors 30. Those most likely to drink excessively are:
a. b. c. d. 7 18- to 25-year-old men
middle-aged men
widowers and widows
preteens GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 31. The leading cause of death among youths in America is:
a. b. c. d. AIDS
heart disease
overexertion on the athletic field
car accidents involving alcohol 32. Youth are most at risk for drug abuse:
a. b. c. d. at school events
during any major transitions
in middle school
as college students 33. The use of unhealthy substances (e.g., cigarettes, alcohol, or drugs) is depicted in:
a. b. c. d. 10
50
80
95 percent
percent
percent
percent of
of
of
of G rated films
PG-13 films
all films
all films 34. Those who underreport their physical symptoms to health care professionals are:
a. b. c. d. likely to be extroverts
known as “hypochondriacs”
self-conscious people
self-healing personalities 35. Alexei and Tanya were disappointed when it rained during their first day of camping, but
Alexei said, “Let’s not panic. It’s supposed to clear up later today.” His upbeat attitude is
characteristic of those who interpret undesirable events in:
a. b. c. d. external, temporary, and specific terms
internal, permanent, and universal terms
external, permanent, and universal terms
internal, temporary, and specific terms 36. Which of the following best exemplifies appropriate learned optimism?
a. b. c. d. 8 “I guess she isn’t going to call back.”
“It was a good interview but nothing will probably come of it.”
“She didn’t return my call; she must be busy.”
“No wonder she doesn’t call back. I’ve been inconsiderate of her.” GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 37. Optimism is especially appropriate in those situations in which:
a. b. c. d. you want to gain people’s confidence
your goal involves a high degree of risk
the cost of failure is high
you want to be sympathetic with people’s troubles 38. Being optimistic is inappropriate when:
a. b. c. d. there are many risks involved
there are many people with unique responsibilities
multiple solutions to an issue are available
None of the above. 39. Which of these is NOT a stage in the recommended process for decision making?
a. b. c. d. search for alternatives
make a commitment
rise to the challenge
avoid looking back 40. The most critical element in decision making, especially in the early stages, is:
a. b. c. d. taking risks
clarifying values
vigorous information processing
justifying your choices 41. When presented with a modest person and a self-promoter, which did Japanese children
perceive as more athletically competent?
a. b. c. d. they were perceived to be equally competent
the modest person
the self-promoter
neither was selected 42. According to the text, one of the four important components of emotion is:
a. b. c. d. 9 social interaction
behavioral stagnation
cognitive processes
self-efficacy GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 43. Which researcher has created a model of emotions?
a. b. c. d. Bandura
Howell
Plutchik
Richards 44. In Plutchik’s model, which is NOT one of the primary emotions?
a. b. c. d. acceptance
disgust
anger
embarrassment 45. When people of various countries are asked about their experiences of different emotions,
most of them distinguish emotions with regard to:
a. b. c. d. primary and secondary emotions
inborn and learned emotions
pleasant and unpleasant emotions
simple and complex emotions 46. Men tend to report more ________ feelings, while women tend to report ________ feelings.
a. b. c. d. powerless; powerful
powerful; powerless
negative; positive
positive; negative 47. If we see people as cold and withdrawn, we tend to attribute additional negative qualities to
them. This is called:
a. b. c. d. the halo effect
stereotyping
false cues
the devil effect 48. The fundamental attribution error causes us to misjudge people because:
a. b. c. d. 10 we are impressed by wealth
of their personal traits and characteristics
of situational and environmental influences
we are influenced by unconscious motives GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 49. In which country are people the least shy?
a. b. c. d. Israel
India
Greece
Japan 50. According to the text, to overcome shyness, it’s best to:
a. b. c. d. reduce the inner monitoring of one’s thoughts
pay less attention to people around you
avoid situations involving others
become keenly aware of how people see you 51. Shyness is on the rise in America because:
a. b. c. d. more people are pursuing their own personal goals
electronic communication has reduced face-to-face meetings
more Americans are moving to big, crowded cities
more children are being placed in daycare centers 52. The most common activity among women friends is:
a. b. c. d. telling jokes
having an intimate talk
sharing a job-related chore
doing a favor for a friend 53. Which of the following does NOT have an interdependent culture?
a. b. c. d. Japan
Zimbabwe
The United States
Lebanon 54. When flattery is used in the hopes that the flattered individual will give in to a certain
request, this is a form of:
a. b. c. d. 11 the bystander effect
ingratiation
the norm of reciprocity
the foot-in-the-door effect GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 55. In what type of social influence situation do we follow direct orders from others?
a. b. c. d. conformity
compliance
interpersonal attraction
obedience 56. Which factor reduces social loafing?
a. b. c. d. When
When
When
When failure is possible if and only if loafing occurs.
people believe their performance will not be evaluated.
the task is not important.
the group is not valued by its individual members. 57. When groups make riskier or more conservative decisions than individuals, this is known as:
a. b. c. d. groupthink
the foot-in-the-door effect
the group polarization effect
the door-in-the-face effect 58. Two well-documented leadership styles are ______ and ______.
a. b. c. d. severe; moderate
people-oriented; task-oriented
casual; intense
thoughtful; thoughtless 59. Which is true of job burnout?
a. b. c. d. Men are more likely to burn out.
Those who are unmarried are more prone to burnout.
Those who burn out are likely to have high self-esteem.
Stress is rarely a factor in burnout. 60. How do most Americans feel about their jobs?
a. b. c. d. 12 Despite all the griping, most Americans report relatively high satisfaction.
Most Americans dislike their jobs and want a job change.
Midlevel managers report highest job satisfaction.
People at the bottom of an organization are likeliest to report high job satisfaction. GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 61. Surveys on job satisfaction show that:
a. b. c. d. People who love their jobs perform better than those who don’t.
The highest-paying jobs tend to result in the highest job satisfaction.
Workers prefer job where they don’t have to learn new skills.
Recent graduates tend to enjoy high job satisfaction. 62. When asked about ways to get ahead on the job, most American workers emphasize the
importance of:
a. b. c. d. being willing to accept responsibility
knowing the right people
understanding how to use office politics
complimenting your boss often 63. How has workplace technology changed our employment?
a. b. c. d. It
It
It
It really hasn’t changed employment in America that much.
can affect us even before we are hired by means of e-recruiting.
has mostly affected upper-level management.
affects us only after we are hired and introduced to new technology. 64. One of the best ways to increase the proportion of minority groups in the workplace is to:
a. b. c. d. lower the educational requirements for many jobs
raise the educational level of minority students
provide more high-tech jobs in the workplace
encourage minority students to take jobs in manufacturing 65. Masters et al. found greater orgasmic variation in both the physiology and subjective
accounts of orgasm among:
a. b. c. d. men compared to women
homosexuals compared to heterosexuals
women compared to men
married couples compared to unmarried couples 66. What is the most significant life stressor for homosexuals?
a. b. c. d. 13 discovering their homosexual orientation
telling friends and family about their sexual orientation
having their first homosexual encounter
all of these are equally stressful according to the literature GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 67. People who believe they were born into the body of the wrong sex are:
a. b. c. d. homosexual
transsexual
hermaphrodites
transvestites 68. People who are born with chromosomal or hormonal birth defects so they do not really fit into
“male” or “female” categories are:
a. b. c. d. transvestites
intersexed
transsexual
autoerotic 69. A loving relationship based primarily on emotional closeness rather than physical intimacy is
called:
a. b. c. d. romantic love
consummate love
companionate love
passionate love 70. Hypoactive, or inhibited, sexual desire is commonly caused by:
a. b. c. d. anger, boredom, or anxiety
genetic deficiencies
psychopathology
hormonal deficiencies 71. Which statement about marriage in the U.S. is true?
a. b. c. d. People are getting married later in life.
People tend to marry someone of similar age, education, and background.
Intercultural marriages are more conflict-prone but not more divorce-prone.
All of these are true. 72. Approximately _________ out of every 10 marriages end in divorce.
a. b. c. d. 14 2
3
4
8 GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 73. Which statement about marriage is false?
a. More than 9 out of 10 Americans will eventually marry.
b. Husbands and wives should be best friends.
c. Differences and incompatibilities between partners are the major causes of marital
dissatisfaction.
d. Married people are happier and healthier than single individuals.
74. An overview of numerous marital studies reported in the text indicated that a major factor
related to marital satisfaction is:
a. b. c. d. joint problem-solving ability
wanting the relationship to succeed
a satisfying sex life
financial security 75. When women work outside of the home:
a. b. c. d. they still do most of the housework
the couple is less satisfied
the husbands usually do half of all housework
they do less housework than men 76. How do homosexual couples distribute housework?
a. b. c. d. Work is fairly equally distributed.
Work is distributed about the same as heterosexual couples.
The more masculine partner does the most.
The more masculine partner does the least. 77. What is the correct sequence in the general adaptation syndrome?
a. b. c. d. 15 alarm, exhaustion, resistance
resistance, alarm, exhaustion
exhaustion, resistance, alarm
alarm, resistance, exhaustion GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 78. Diane, a keyboard specialist, adapted to her stressful job with few complaints. Now, a year
later, Diane has chronic headaches from the demands of her boss to meet deadlines and to
type accurately. Such stress-related illnesses are likely to occur in which stage of the general
adaptation syndrome?
a. b. c. d. alarm
resistance
exhaustion
the intermediate stage 79. Cumulative changes that reflect the cost to the body for adapting to stressful demands is
called:
a. b. c. d. homeostasis
allostatic load
repression
acting out 80. The unconscious blocking of a threatening impulse or idea from entering one’s consciousness
is:
a. b. c. d. denial
projection
repression
None of the above. 81. Sarah’s father is gravely ill; Sarah, however, does not respond emotionally. Rather, Sarah
convinces herself that he is in a good hospital and that the doctors are doing everything they
can. Sarah’s strategy for coping might be:
a. b. c. d. denial
intellectualization
displacement
repression 82. When Mohammed’s girlfriend unexpectedly broke off their relationship, he said it was just as
well because he no longer loved her. Yet, Mohammed did love her unconsciously.
Mohammed’s response is an example of:
a. b. c. d. 16 reaction formation
denial
sublimation
repression GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 83. A critical feature of obsessive-compulsive disorder is:
a. b. c. d. an overinflated sense of responsibility
fear of dirt
fear of losing control
anxiety about being anxious all the time 84. A(n) __________ is someone with OCD who wants his or her possessions in their rightful
place and arranged in a certain way.
a. b. c. d. hoarder
pure obsessive
repeater
orderer 85. Flashbacks are associated with what disorder?
a. b. c. d. OCD
phobia
PTSD
None of the above. 86. During college, three-quarters of all students experience some symptoms of:
a. b. c. d. antisocial personality
agoraphobia
schizophrenia
depression 87. People who become depressed in the winter months because of seasonal affective disorder
are thought to suffer from an imbalance of the hormone called:
a. b. c. d. dopamine
melatonin
adrenaline
thyroxin 88. Which is NOT a plausible reason why women are more prone to depression than men?
a. b. c. d. 17 They aren’t; they are just more likely to seek professional help.
Women have unequal power and status compared to men.
Women are more likely to live in poverty than men.
The region of the brain affected by depression is eight times larger in women than in
men. GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 89. Who is associated with cognitive therapy?
a. b. c. d. Sigmund Freud
Fritz Perls
Victor Frankl
Aaron Beck 90. Couples often come to relationship therapy because of infidelity on the part of one partner.
During therapy:
a. b. c. d. the
the
the
the therapist
therapist
therapist
therapist works only with the offending partner.
works mainly with the offended partner.
focuses on both partners’ interaction.
usually recommends that they split up. 91. The most common mode of treatment in psychiatry is:
a. b. c. d. biomedical therapy alone
psychotherapy alone
family therapy
psychotherapy combined with biomedical therapy 92. Which statement about antianxiety medications is true?
a. b. c. d. These medications do not cure anxiety.
These drugs are dangerous to take in combination with alcohol.
They provide prompt alleviation from symptoms.
All of the above. 93. After beginning treatment, antidepressants take effect:
a. b. c. d. immediately
within a few days
within two weeks
after two to four weeks 94. In persons with schizophrenia, antipsychotic drugs tend to reduce:
a. b. c. d. 18 apathy
loneliness
hallucinations
social withdrawal GED 215 Psychology of Adjustment Final Examination 95. After the bargaining stage, individuals enter which stage?
a. b. c. d. denial
depression
resentment
acceptance 96. Acceptance of death includes:
a. b. c. d. denying that death is imminent
bargaining
disengaging the self from others
All of these are part of the acceptance stage. 97. The healthy process of working through the emotions associated with loss is called:
a. b. c. d. grief work
mourning
unresolved grief
bereavement 98. Which of the following is a normal initial response to death?
a. b. c. d. sadness
guilt
relief
All of the above. 99. About _________ year(s) is the norm for grief work.
a. b. c. d. one
two
three
four 100. Which one of the following groups has an above-average death rate compared to others the
same age?
a. b. c. d. 19 elderly people who are unhappily married
widowed men between 55 and 65 years of age
elderly widowers who have remarried
widowed women between 55 and 65 years of age
Professional homework help service for students
get homework help
SEND US YOUR INQUIRY
MELODYSOFTY46@GMAIL.COM
get homework help
Comments
Post a Comment